Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Accounting Policies [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Use of estimates |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include inventory reserves, warranty provision, valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, share-based compensation including the fair value of the Company’s ordinary shares, useful lives of property, plant, and equipment. The Company bases these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends and various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic has created, and may continue to create, significant uncertainty in macroeconomic conditions, and the extent of its impact on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on certain developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and the impact on the Company’s customers. The Company considered the impact of COVID-19 on the estimates and assumptions and determined that there were no material adverse impacts on the consolidated financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2020. As events continue to evolve and additional information becomes available, the Company’s estimates and assumptions may change materially in future periods. |
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| Financial statements in U.S. dollars |
A substantial portion of the Company’s financing activities, including equity transactions and cash investments, are incurred in U.S. dollars. The Company’s management believes that the U.S. dollar is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates. Thus, the functional and reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. A subsidiary’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the subsidiary operates; normally, that is the currency of the environment in which a subsidiary primarily generates and expends cash. In making the determination of the appropriate functional currency for a subsidiary, the Company considers cash flow indicators, local market indicators, financing indicators and the subsidiary’s relationship with both the parent company and other subsidiaries. For subsidiaries that are primarily a direct and integral component or extension of the parent entity’s operations, the U.S. dollar is the functional currency. The Company has determined the functional currency of its foreign subsidiaries is the U.S. Dollar. The foreign operation is considered a direct and integral part or extension of the Company’s operations. The day-to-day Accordingly, monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are remeasured into U.S. dollars in accordance with Statement of the Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) No. 830 “Foreign Currency Matters” (“ASC No. 830”). All transaction gains and losses of the remeasured monetary balance sheet items are reflected in the statements of operations as financial income or expenses as appropriate. |
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| Principles of consolidation |
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. |
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| Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash |
The Company considers all highly liquid short-term deposits with original maturities of three months or less from the purchase date to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of amounts invested in short term deposits. Restricted cash consists of long-term deposits that serves as collateral for a credit card agreement and lease agreements at one of the Company’s financial institutions. |
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| Inventories |
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or estimated net realizable value. Costs are computed under the standard cost method, which approximates actual costs determined on the first-in, first-out basis. The Company charges cost of revenue for write-downs of inventories which are obsolete or in excess of anticipated demand based on a consideration of marketability and product life cycle stage, product development plans, component cost trends, demand forecasts, historical revenue, and assumptions about future demand and market conditions. |
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| Property and equipment, net |
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, at the following annual rates:
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| Impairment of long-lived assets |
Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant and Equipment” a (“ASC 360”), whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment exists when the carrying value of the asset exceeds the aggregate undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. The impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds their fair value. During the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company recorded impairment losses in the amount of $496 and $0, respectively. |
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| Revenue recognition |
Effective as of January 1, 2018, the Company has followed the provisions of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), which applies to all contracts with customers. Under Topic 606, revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine the appropriate revenue recognition for arrangements that an entity determines are within the scope of Topic 606, the entity performs the following five steps:
At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within the contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company evaluates each performance obligation to determine if it is satisfied at a point in time or over time. Nature of Products and Services The Company derives its revenues mainly from sales of LiDAR sensors. Revenue from LiDAR sensors is recognized at a point in time when the control of the goods is transferred to the customer, generally upon delivery. The company also provides application engineering services for its customers that are not part of a long-term production arrangement. Application engineering services revenue are recognized at a point in time or over time depending, among other considerations, on whether the Company has an enforceable right to payment, for performance completed to date. Services to certain customers may require substantive customer acceptance due to performance acceptance criteria that is considered more than a formality. For these services, revenue is recognized upon customer acceptance. The Company did not recognize revenue related to application engineering services during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as such acceptance criteria has not been met. The Company applies the practical expedient and does not assess whether a contract has a significant financing component if the expectation at contract inception is such that the period between payment by the customer and the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer will be one year or less. The Company’s contracts with customer prepayment terms do not include a significant financing component because the primary purpose is not to receive financing from the customers. The Company’s general terms and conditions for its contracts do not contain a right of return that allows the customer to return products and receive a credit. Therefore, the Company does not estimate returns and generally recognizes revenue at contract price upon product shipment or delivery. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenues, which represent a contract liability, include amounts paid by customers not yet recognized as revenues. On December 7, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a tier-1 partner (“Partner”) to provide application engineering services. Revenue related to the agreement are deferred and recognized upon customer acceptance. As of December 31, 2020, and 2019, the Company recorded deferred revenue of $3.5 million (refer also to note 15). Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer advanced payments. Deferred revenue includes billings in excess of revenue recognized related to product sales and is recognized as revenue when the Company performs under the contract. The long-term portion of deferred revenue, mostly related to obligations under development agreement with OEMs, is classified as non-current contract liabilities and is included in other long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Customer advanced payments represent required customer payments in advance of product shipments according to customer’s payment term. Customer advance payments are recognized as revenue when control of the performance obligation is transferred to the customer. Contract liabilities consisted of the following as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $283 that was included in deferred revenues balance at December 31, 2019. Remaining Performance Obligation The Company’s remaining performance obligations are comprised of product and engineering services revenue not yet delivered. As of December 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $11 million, which the Company expects to recognize as revenue . For additional information regarding disaggregated revenues, please refer to Note 14 below. Reduction of revenues On October 12, 2020, the Company signed a Memorandum of Understanding (the “MOU”) with Magna International Inc. (“Magna”) one of its shareholders and a tier-1 partner, to manufacture and sell an Optical Module to an OEM customer based on the Company’s design. According to the MOU, in order to allow the manufacture of the Optical Module, the Company will supply to Magna critical components and certain equipment which is required to meet specifications and requirements as agreed by the parties. These specifications may require substantive customer acceptance due to performance acceptance criteria that is considered more than a formality. In addition, the Company agreed to assist Magna to construct a production line. As of December 31, 2020, the Company recorded under the MOU advances from customers and deferred revenues in the amount of $ 736 with respect to certain equipment that was transferred to Magna and require substantive customer acceptance. Revenue derived from the equipment is recognized upon customer acceptance. In connection with the MOU, on December 10, 2020, the Company issued to Magna 1,755,966 Preferred C-1 Shares of no-par value, for no additional consideration. Furthermore, on December 10, 2020, the Company signed a performance-based warrant agreement (the “Warrant”) with Magna, pursuant to which, upon the completion of certain milestones by Magna, the Company will issue to Magna warrants to receive up to: (i) 7,023,865 Ordinary Shares , in the event the Company will be registered as a public company before the issuance of the warrants, or (ii) 4,939,922 Preferred C-1 Shares in the event that the Company is not registered as a public company before the issuance of the warrants. The Warrant shall no longer be exercisable upon the earlier of (i) March 31, 2023, or (ii) the date of the consummation of a change of control by the Company. Share-based payment awards granted to a customer are measured and classified in accordance with 606-10-32-25A 606-10-32-25 C-1 Shares were not for distinct services, the fair value of which was not established, the Company reflected this amount as a reduction of net revenue. Additionally, as there are no minimum commitments under the MOU, and the uncertainty of ultimate success of the SOP, there is no assurance that future benefits will be realized through sufficient purchases. Therefore, as of December 31, 2020, the Company believes that such awards granted to Magna do not meet the definition of an asset. In the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recorded reduction of revenues in the amount of $ 14,800, representing the fair value of the Preferred C-1 Shares issued to Magna. The warrants have not been recognized since the performance conditions underlying their exercise was not considered probable as of December 31, 2020. |
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| Warranty costs |
The Company provides standard product warranties, for its pre-SOP products, for period of up to twelve months, at no extra charge, that covers the compliance of the products with agreed-upon specifications. Standard warranties are considered to be assurance type warranties and are not accounted for as separate performance obligations. A provision is recorded for estimated warranty costs based on the Company’s experience. Changes in the warranty provision, presented in other accrued expenses, was as follow:
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| Research and development expenses |
Research and development costs include personnel-related expenses associated with the Company’s engineering personnel responsible for the design, development and testing of its products. Such costs related to software development are included in research and development expense until the technological feasibility is reached, which for the Company’s software products, is generally shortly before the products are released to production. Research and development costs are charged to the consolidated statements of operations as incurred. |
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| Patent costs |
Legal and related patent costs are charged to general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations as incurred, since their realization is uncertain. |
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| Share-based compensation |
The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC No. 718, “Compensation—Stock Compensation” (“ASC No. 718”). ASC No. 718 requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the award is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. The Company measures its share-based payment awards made to employees, directors, and non-employee service providers based on estimated fair values. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model which requires several assumptions, of which the most significant are the expected share price volatility and the expected option term. The company recognize forfeitures of equity-based awards as they occur. For graded vesting awards, the Company recognizes compensation expenses based on the straight-line method over the requisite service period. |
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| Accrued post-employment benefit |
Severance pay: The Israeli Severance Pay Law, 1963 (“Severance Pay Law”), specifies that employees are entitled to severance payment, following the termination of their employment. Under the Severance Pay Law, the severance payment is calculated as one-month salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof. The Company’s liability for all of its Israeli employees is covered by the provisions of Section 14 of the Severance Pay Law (“Section 14”). Under Section 14 employees are entitled to monthly deposits, at a rate of 8.33% of their monthly salary, continued on their behalf to their insurance funds. Payments in accordance with Section 14 release the Company from any future severance payments in respect of those employees. As a result, the Company does not recognize any liability for severance pay due to these employees and the deposits under Section 14 are not recorded as an asset in the Company’s balance sheet. Severance pay expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, amounted to approximately $ 2,000, $ 1,700 and $ 1,100, respectively. 401(k) profit sharing plans: The Company has a 401(k) retirement savings plan for its employees in the U.S. Each eligible employee may elect to contribute a portion of the employee’s compensation to the plan. The U.S. Subsidiary matches 4% of employee contributions up to the plan with no limitation. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded expenses for matching contributions in the amount of $ 14, $ 31 and $ 9, respectively. |
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| Income taxes |
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC No. 740, “Income Taxes” (ASC 740”). ASC 740 prescribes the use of the liability method whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value, if it is more likely than not that a portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740. Accounting guidance addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements, under which a Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. |
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| Concentration of risk |
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term and restricted deposits. Trade receivable of the Company are mainly derived from customers located globally. The Company mitigates its credit risks by performing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial conditions and requires customer advance payments in certain circumstances. The Company generally does not require collateral. |
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| Trade receivables |
Trade receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Trade receivable are periodically assed for allowance for doubtful accounts, which is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of credit losses inherent in its existing accounts receivable. In establishing the required allowance, management considers historical losses adjusted to take into account current market conditions and customers’ financial condition, the amount of receivables in dispute, and the current receivables aging and current payment patterns. The allowance of doubtful accounts was not material for the periods presented. |
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| Fair value of Financial Instruments |
The estimated fair value of financial instruments has been determined by the Company using available market information and valuation methodologies. Considerable judgment is required in estimating fair values. Accordingly, the estimates may not be indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of their financial instruments:
Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. A three-tier fair value hierarchy is established as a basis for considering such assumptions and for inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. |
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| Loss per share |
The Company computes basic loss per share in accordance with ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share” by dividing the net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Diluted loss per share is computed by considering the potential dilution that could occur upon the exercise of options granted under stock-based compensation plans using the treasury stock method. Basic and diluted net loss per share was adjusted to reflect accumulative dividend rights attributed to Innoviz preferred shares. |
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| Deferred Transaction Costs |
Deferred transactions costs consist primarily of accounting, legal, and other fees related to the Company’s |
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| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
The Company has no components of comprehensive loss other than net loss. Thus, comprehensive loss is the same as net loss for the period presented. |
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| Recently adopted accounting pronouncements |
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| Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted |
As an “emerging growth company,” the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are made applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act. The adoption dates discussed below reflects this election.
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